Formononetin is an isoflavonoid phytoestrogen that is used in microbiology and oncology research as a vasodilator, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. It has also been used as an anti-parasitic compound against Giardia lamblia trophozoites however, the mechanism of action is not well understood.

As an anti-viral, formononetin is used to suppress inflammation caused by neurotropic viruses. Studies on enterovirus 71 have shown formononetin to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the prostaglandin synthesis pathway. Inhibition of this enzyme prevents prostaglandin E₂ from stimulating viral replication through cAMP signaling in infected host cells.

Formononetin has also been used in vivo to induce large-arterial relaxation within rats by blocking calcium channels and activation of guanylate cyclase which stimulates protein kinase G and subsequently calcium reuptake. Both mechanisms of action remove calcium used for smooth muscle contraction within the rats but, opposite effects were observed in different species.

Formononetin has also been shown to inhibit nitric oxide generation in vitro on mouse macrophages. Nitric oxide is used by the immune system as a free radical and promotes vasodilation. Inhibition of free radicals also allow formononetin to act as an anti-cancer agent due to antioxidant effects of terminating free radicals. Radicalization of formononetin is stable due to resonance structures from carbon rings.

Product SpecificationsFormononetinBiochanin B

Formula: C₁₆H­₁₂O₄

MW: 268.26 g/mol

Storage/Handling: Store desiccated at room temperature.

PubChem Chemical ID: 5280378

NOT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION!!

IPTG, X-Gal and X-Gluc

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没错！最开始，Gold Biotechnology只生产这三个产品，30年后的今天，Goldbio的产品已经超过3000种，涵盖：

琼脂糖树脂

抗生素

生化试剂

缓冲液

克隆与诱导

培养基添加剂

洗涤剂

DNA蛋白质电泳

酶、抑制剂和底物

生长因子

植物研究

蛋白质表达与纯化

还原剂……

目前Goldbio最核心的产品是：荧光素钾盐，X-gluc， 双丙氨磷，草胺磷 和 X-α-gal